最高人民法院关于收养关系诸问题的解答

上一篇: 最高人民法院东北分院复热河省人民法院所请示的几个问题（节录）
下一篇: 最高人民法院关于夫妻一方患精神病另一方提请离婚可否批准问题的批复

国家税务总局


国家税务总局关于印发《征收个人所得税若干问题的规定》的通知(附英文)

1994年3月31日，国家税务总局

通知
各省、自治区、直辖市税务局，各计划单列市税务局，海洋石油税务管理局各分局：
现将我们制定的《征收个人所得税若干问题的规定》印发给你们，请认真遵照执行。本规定自一九九四年一月一日起施行。
附件：《征收个人所得税若干问题的规定》

征收个人所得税若干问题的规定
为了更好地贯彻执行《中华人民共和国个人所得税法》（以下简称税法）及其实施条例（以下简称条例），认真做好个人所得税的征收管理，根据税法及条例的规定精神，现将一些具体问题明确如下：
一、关于如何掌握“习惯性居住”的问题
条例第二条规定，在中国境内有住所的个人，是指因户籍、家庭、经济利益关系而在中国境内习惯性居住的个人。所谓习惯性居住，是判定纳税义务人是居民或非居民的一个法律意义上的标准，不是指实际居住或在某一个特定时期内的居住地。如因学习、工作、探亲、旅游等而在中国境外居住的，在其原因消除之后，必须回到中国境内居住的个人，则中国即为该纳税人习惯性居住地。
二、关于工资、薪金所得的征税问题
条例第八条第一款第一项对工资、薪金所得的具体内容和征税范围作了明确规定，应严格按照规定进行征税。对于补贴、津贴等一些具体收入项目应否计入工资、薪金所得的征税范围问题，按下述情况掌握执行：
（一）条例第十三条规定，对按照国务院规定发给的政府特殊津贴和国务院规定免纳个人所得税的补贴、津贴，免予征收个人所得税。其他各种补贴、津贴均应计入工资、薪金所得项目征税。
（二）下列不属于工资、薪金性质的补贴、津贴或者不属于纳税人本人工资、薪金所得项目的收入，不征税：
1．独生子女补贴；
2．执行公务员工资制度未纳入基本工资总额的补贴、津贴差额和家属成员的副食品补贴；
3．托儿补助费；
4．差旅费津贴、误餐补助。
三、关于在外商投资企业、外国企业和外国驻华机构工作的中方人员取得的工资、薪金所得的征税的问题
（一）在外商投资企业、外国企业和外国驻华机构工作的中方人员取得的工资、薪金收入，凡是由雇佣单位和派遣单位分别支付的，支付单位应依照税法第八条的规定代扣代缴个人所得税。按照税法第六条第一款第一项的规定，纳税义务人应以每月全部工资、薪金收入减除规定费用后的余额为应纳税所得额。为了有利于征管，对雇佣单位和派遣单位分别支付工资、薪金的，采取由支付者中的一方减除费用的方法，即只由雇佣单位在支付工资、薪金时，按税法规定减除费用，计算扣缴个人所得税；派遣单位支付的工资、薪金不再减除费用，以支付全额直接确定适用税率，计算扣缴个人所得税。
上述纳税义务人，应持两处支付单位提供的原始明细工资、薪金单（书）和完税凭证原件，选择并固定到一地税务机关申报每月工资、薪金收入，汇算清缴其工资、薪金收入的个人所得税，多退少补。具体申报期限，由各省、自治区、直辖市税务局确定。
（二）对外商投资企业、外国企业和外国驻华机构发放给中方工作人员的工资、薪金所得，应全额征税。但对可以提供有效合同或有关凭证，能够证明其工资、薪金所得的一部分按照有关规定上交派遣（介绍）单位的，可扣除其实际上交的部分，按其余额计征个人所得税。
四、关于稿酬所得的征税问题
（一）个人每次以图书、报刊方式出版、发表同一作品（文字作品、书画作品、摄影作品以及其他作品），不论出版单位是预付还是分笔支付稿酬，或者加印该作品后再付稿酬，均应合并其稿酬所得按一次计征个人所得税。在两处或两处以上出版、发表或再版同一作品而取得稿酬所得，则可分别各处取得的所得或再版所得按分次所得计征个人所得税。
（二）个人的同一作品在报刊上连载，应合并其因连载而取得的所有稿酬所得为一次，按税法规定计征个人所得税。在其连载之后又出书取得稿酬所得，或先出书后连载取得稿酬所得，应视同再版稿酬分次计征个人所得税。
（三）作者去世后，对取得其遗作稿酬的个人，按稿酬所得征收个人所得税。
五、关于拍卖文稿所得的征税问题
作者将自己的文字作品手稿原件或复印件公开拍卖（竞价）取得的所得，应按特许权使用费所得项目征收个人所得税。
六、关于财产租赁所得的征税问题
（一）纳税义务人在出租财产过程中缴纳的税金和国家能源交通重点建设基金、国家预算调节基金、教育费附加，可持完税（缴款）凭证，从其财产租赁收入中扣除。
（二）纳税义务人出租财产取得财产租赁收入，在计算征税时，除可依法减除规定费用和有关税、费外，还准予扣除能够提供有效、准确凭证，证明由纳税义务人负担的该出租财产实际开支的修缮费用。允许扣除的修缮费用，以每次800元为限，一次扣除不完的，准予在下一次继续扣除，直至扣完为止。
（三）确认财产租赁所得的纳税义务人，应以产权凭证为依据。无产权凭证的，由主管税务机关根据实际情况确定纳税义务人。
（四）产权所有人死亡，在未办理产权继承手续期间，该财产出租而有租金收入的，以领取租金的个人为纳税义务人。
七、关于如何确定转让债权财产原值的问题
转让债权，采用“加权平均法”确定其应予减除的财产原值和合理费用。即以纳税人购进的同一种类债券买入价和买进过程中交纳的税费总和，除以纳税人购进的该种类债券数量之和，乘以纳税人卖出的该种类债券数量，再加上卖出的该种类债券过程中交纳的税费。用公式表示为：
纳税人购进
一次卖出 的该种类债券买
某一种类 入价和买进过程中 一次卖出 卖出该种类
债券允许 交纳的税费总和 的该种类 债券过程中
扣除的买 ＝ --------------------×债券的数＋交纳的税费
入价和 纳税人购进的该 量
费 用 种类债券总数量
八、关于董事费的征税问题
个人由于担任董事职务所取得的董事费收入，属于劳务报酬所得性质，按照劳务报酬所得项目征收个人所得税。
九、关于个人取得不同项目劳务报酬所得的征税问题
条例第二十一条第一款第一项中所述的“同一项目”，是指劳务报酬所得列举具体劳务项目中的某一单项，个人兼有不同的劳务报酬所得，应当分别减除费用，计算缴纳个人所得税。
十、关于外籍纳税人在中国几地工作如何确定纳税地点的问题
（一）在几地工作或提供劳务的临时来华人员，应以税法所规定的申报纳税的日期为准，在某一地达到申报纳税的日期，即在该地申报纳税。但准予其提出申请，经批准后，也可固定在一地申报纳税。
（二）凡由在华企业或办事机构发放工资、薪金的外籍纳税人，由在华企业或办事机构集中向当地税务机关申报纳税。
十一、关于派发红股的征税问题
股份制企业在分配股息、红利时，以股票形式向股东个人支付应得的股息、红利（即派发红股），应以派发红股的股票票面金额为收入额，按利息、股息、红利项目计征个人所得税。
十二、关于运用速算扣除数法计算应纳税额的问题
为简便计算应纳个人所得税额，可对适用超额累进税率的工资、薪金所得，个体工商户的生产、经营所得，对企事业单位的承包经营、承租经营所得，以及适用加成征收税率的劳务报酬所得，运用速算扣除数法计算其应纳税额。应纳税额的计算公式为：
应纳税额＝应纳税所得额×适用税率--速算扣除数



适用超额累进税率的应税所得计算应纳税额的速算扣除数，详见附表一、二、三。
十三、关于纳税人一次取得属于数月的奖金或年终加薪、劳动分红的征税问题
纳税人一次取得属于数月的奖金或年终加薪、劳动分红，一般应将全部奖金或年终加薪、劳动分红同当月份的工资、薪金合并计征个人所得税。但对于合并计算后提高适用税率的，可采取以月份所属奖金或年终加薪、劳动分红加当月份工资、薪金，减去当月份费用扣除标准后的余额为基数确定适用税率，然后，将当月份工资、薪金加上全部奖金或年终加薪、劳动分红，减去当月份费用扣除标准后的余额，按适用税率计算征收个人所得税。对按上述方法计算无应纳税所得额的，免予征税。
十四、关于单位或个人为纳税义务人负担税款的计征办法问题
单位或个人为纳税义务人负担个人所得税税款，应将纳税义务人取得的不含税收入换算为应纳税所得额，计算征收个人所得税。计算公式如下：
1．应纳税所得额＝（不含税收入额--费用扣除标准--速算扣除数）÷（1--税率）
2．应纳税额＝应纳税所得额×适用税率--速算扣除数



公式1中的税率，是指不含税所得按不含税级距（详见所附税率表一、二、三）对应的税率；公式2中的税率，是指应纳税所得额按含税级距对应的税率。
十五、关于纳税人所得为外国货币如何办理退税和补税的问题
（一）纳税人所得为外国货币并已按照中国人民银行公布的外汇牌价以外国货币兑换成人民币缴纳税款后，如发生多缴税款需要办理退税，凡属于1993年12月31日以前取得应税所得的，可以将应退的人民币税款，按照缴纳税款时的外汇牌价（买入价，以下同）折合成外国货币，再将该外国货币数额按照填开退税凭证当日的外汇牌价折合成人民币退还税款；凡属于1994年1月1日以后取得应税所得的，应直接退还多缴的人民币税款。
（二）纳税人所得为外国货币的，发生少缴税款需要办理补税时，除依照税法规定汇算清缴以外的，应当按照填开补税凭证前一月最后一日的外汇牌价折合成人民币计算应纳税所得额补缴税款。
十六、关于在境内、境外分别取得工资、薪金所得，如何计征税款的问题
纳税义务人在境内、境外同时取得工资、薪金所得的，应根据条例第五条规定的原则，判断其境内、境外取得的所得是否来源于一国的所得。纳税义务人能够提供在境内、境外同时任职或者受雇及其工资、薪金标准的有效证明文件，可判定其所得是来源于境内和境外所得，应按税法和条例的规定分别减除费用并计算纳税；不能提供上述证明文件的，应视为来源于一国的所得，如其任职或者受雇单位在中国境内，应为来源于中国境内的所得，如其任职或受雇单位在中国境外，应为来源于中国境外的所得。
十七、关于承包、承租期不足一年如何计征税款的问题
实行承包、承租经营的纳税义务人，应以每一纳税年度取得的承包、承租经营所得计算纳税，在一个纳税年度内，承包、承租经营不足十二个月的，以其实际承包、承租经营的月份数为一个纳税年度计算纳税。计算公式为：
应纳税所得额＝该年度承包、承租经营收入额--（800×该年度实
际承包、承租经营月份数）
应纳税额＝应纳税所得额×适用税率--速算扣除数
十八、关于利息、股息、红利的扣缴义务人问题
利息、股息、红利所得实行源泉扣缴的征收方式，其扣缴义务人应是直接向纳税义务人支付利息、股息、红利的单位。
十九、关于工资、薪金所得与劳务报酬所得的区分问题
工资、薪金所得是属于非独立个人劳务活动，即在机关、团体、学校、部队、企事业单位及其他组织中任职、受雇而得到的报酬；劳务报酬所得则是个人独立从事各种技艺、提供各项劳务取得的报酬。两者的主要区别在于，前者存在雇佣与被雇佣关系，后者则不存在这种关系。
二十、以前规定与本规定抵触的，按本规定执行。
税率表一
（工资、薪金所得适用）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | 速算 |
|级数| 含税级距 | 不含税级距 |税率（％）| 扣除数 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
|1 |不超过500元的 |不超过475元的 | 5 | 0 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过500元至 |超过475元至 | | |
|2 |2000元的部分 |1825元的部分 | 10 | 25 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过2000元至 |超过1825元至 | | |
|3 |5000元的部分 |4375元的部分 | 15 | 125 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过5000元至 |超过4375元至 | | |
|4 |20000元的部分 |16375元的部分| 20 | 375 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过20000元至 |超过16375元至| | |
|5 |40000元的部分 |31375元的部分| 25 |1375 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过40000元至 |超过31375元至| | |
|6 |60000元的部分 |45375元的部分| 30 |3375 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过60000元至 |超过45375元至| | |
|7 |80000元部分 |58375元的部分| 35 |6375 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过80000元至 |超过58375元至| | |
|8 |100000元的部分|70375元的部分| 40 |10375|
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过100000元 |超过70375元的| | |
|9 |的部分 |部分 | 45 |15375|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
注：1．表中所列含税级距与不含税级距，均为按照税法规定减除有关费用后的所得额。
2．含税级距适用于由纳税人负担税款的工资、薪金所得；不含税级距适用于由他人（单位）代付税款的工资、薪金所得。
税率表二（个体工商户的生产、经营所得和对企事业单位的承包经营、承租经营所得适用）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | 速算 |
|级数| 含税级距 | 不含税级距 |税率（％）| 扣除数 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
|1 |不超过5000元的 |不超过4750元的| 5 | 0 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过5000元至 |超过4750元至 | | |
|2 |10000元的部分 |9250元的部分 | 10 | 250 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过10000元至 |超过9250元至 | | |
|3 |30000元的部分 |25250元的部分| 20 |1250 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过30000元至 |超过25250元至| | |
|4 |50000元的部分 |39250元的部分| 30 |4250 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过50000元 |超过39250元的| | |
|5 |的部分 |部分 | 35 |6750 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
注：1．表中所列含税级距与不含税级距，均为按照税法规定减除有关
费用（成本、损失）后的所得额。
2．含税级距适用于个体工商户的生产、经营所得和由纳税人负担税款的承包经营、承租经营所得；不含税级距适用于由他人（单位）代付税款的承包经营、承租经营所得。
税率表三
（劳务报酬所得适用）
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | 速算 |
|级数| 含税级距 | 不含税级距 |税率（％）| 扣除数 |
|----|--------------------|--------------------|----------|----------|
|1 |不超过20000元的|不超过16000元的| 20 | 0 |
|----|--------------------|--------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过20000元至 |超过16000元至 | | |
|2 |50000元的部分 |37000元的部分 | 30 |2000 |
|----|--------------------|--------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过50000元的 |超过37000元的 | | |
|3 |部分 |部分 | 40 |7000 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
注：1．表中的含税级距、不含税级距，均为按照税法规定减除
有关费用后的所得额。
2．含税级距适用于由纳税人负担税款的劳务报酬所得；
不含税级距适用于由他人（单位）代付税款的劳务报酬所得。

CIRCULAR ON PRINTING AND ISSUING THE REGULATIONS ON SOME ISSUESCONCERNING THE LEVY OF INDIVIDUAL INCOME TAX

(State Administration of Taxation: 31 March 1994 Coded Guo Shui Fa[1994] No. 089)

Whole Doc.
To the tax bureaus of various provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities, to the tax bureaus of various cities with independent
planning and to various sub-bureaus of the Offshore Oil Tax
Administration:
The Regulations on Some Issues Concerning the Levy of Individual
Income Tax we have formulated is hereby printed and issued to you, please
conscientiously put it into practice. These Regulations go into effect on
January 1, 1994.
REGULATIONS ON SOME ISSUES CONCERNING THE LEVY OF INDIVIDUAL INCOME TAX
In order to better implement the Individual Income Tax Law of the
People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as Tax Law) and
Regulations for Its Implementation (hereinafter referred to as
Regulations), conscientiously do a good job of the collection and
management of individual income tax, in the spirit of the stipulations of
the Tax Law and Regulations, some specific questions are hereby clarified
as follows:
I. The question concerning how to understand "habitual residence"
Article 2 of the Regulations stipulates that individuals who have
residences within the territory of China refer to those individuals who
live habitually within the territory of China because they have
households, families and relations of economic interests, the term
"habitual residence" is a standard of a legal significance which is used
to determine whether the tax payer is a resident or non- resident, not
refer to the actual residence or the apartment in a particular period. For
example, those individuals who live outside China due to study, work,
visiting relatives or tour, after the end of these activities, the reasons
for them to live outside China no longer exist and therefore must return
to live within China, then China is the country of the tax payer's
habitual residence.
II. The question concerning the levy of tax on the income from wages and
salaries
Item 1 in Clause 1 of Article 8 of the Regulations clearly stipulates
the concrete contents of the income gained from wages and salaries and the
tax- levying scope, tax shall be levied strictly in accordance with the
stipulations. As to the question regarding whether some specific income
items such as subsidies and allowances should be included into the
tax-levying scope related to income gained from wages and salaries, the
matter shall be handled and implemented in light of the following
conditions:
(1) Article 13 of the Regulations stipulates that the special
government allowances issued in accordance with the State Council
stipulations and the subsidies and allowances on which individual income
tax are exempt according to State Council stipulation shall be exempt from
individual income tax. Tax shall be levied on various other subsidies and
allowances which shall be included into the items of wage and salary
incomes.
(2) The following subsidies and allowances essentially not belonging
to wage and salary or not belonging to income gained from the tax payer's
own wage and salary are exempt from tax:
1. One-child subsidies;
2. The balance of subsidies and allowances not included in the total
amount of basic wage for implementing the public functionary wage system
and non-staple food subsidies for family members;
3. Nursery subsidies;
4. Travel expense allowances and subsidies for missing the meal.
III. Question concerning the levy of tax on the wage and salary income
earned by Chinese personnel working with enterprise with foreign
investment, foreign enterprises and foreign organizations in China
(1) For those wage and salary income gained by Chinese personnel
working with enterprise with foreign investment, foreign enterprises and
foreign organizations in China which are paid respectively by the hiring
unit and dispatching unit, the paying unit shall withhold the individual
income tax in accordance with the stipulations of Article 8 of the Tax
Law. According to the stipulations of Item 1 of Clause 1 of Article 6 of
the Tax Law, the balance after deducting the prescribed expense from the
whole monthly wage and salary incomes shall be taken as the taxable amount
of income. To facilitate the collection and management of tax, with regard
to the wages and salaries paid respectively by the hiring unit and the
dispatching unit, the method of deducting expenses from the payer, that
is, when wages and salaries are paid only by the hiring unit, expenses are
deducted in accordance with the stipulation of the Tax Law and individual
income tax is calculated and withheld; expenses are no longer be deducted
from the wages and salaries paid by the dispatching unit, the full amount
of payment is used to directly determine the applicable tax rate and
calculate and withhold individual income tax.
The above-mentioned tax payer shall bring with him the original
detailed wage and salary lists (documents) provided by the two paying
units and the original tax payment certificate and select the tax
authorities as the fixed place where he shall declare his monthly wage and
salary income and make the final settlement of individual income tax on
his wage and salary incomes, any overpayment refunded or any deficient
payment supplemented. The concrete time limit for declaration shall be
determined by the tax bureaus of various provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities.
(2) Full amount of tax shall be levied on the wage and salary incomes
issued to Chinese personnel by enterprise with foreign investment, foreign
enterprises and foreign establishments in China. But for those who can
provide effective contracts or related certificates which can prove they
have turned over part of their wage and salary income to the dispatching
(recommending) units in accordance with relevant stipulations, individual
income tax can be calculated and levied on the balance after deducting
that part they have actually turned over to the higher authorities.
IV. The question concerning the levy of tax on income from contribution
fees
(1) The same works (written works, calligraphy and paintings, photos
as well as other works) published by an individual each time in the forms
of books, newspapers and magazines, whether the contribution fees are paid
in advance or in several sums by the publisher, or further contribution
fees are paid after more copies of the work are printed, individual income
tax shall be calculated and levied lump sum on the combined income gained
from contribution fees. In terms of income gained from contribution fees
for the same works published or republished in two or more places,
individual income tax may be calculated and levied on separate incomes
gained from different places or from republication.
(2) For an individual's same work published in instalments in
newspapers or magazines, all incomes gained from contribution fees paid
for the works published in instalments shall be combined in lump sum,
individual income tax on which shall be calculated and levied in
accordance with the stipulations of the Tax Law. The income gained from
contribution fees paid for the book published after the work is published
in instalments, or income gained from contribution fees paid for the book
first published and then published in installments shall be regarded as
contribution fees paid for the second edition on which individual income
tax shall be calculated and levied on each time contribution fees are
paid.
(3) After the death of the author, if the contribution fees paid for
the posthumous works, individual income tax shall be levied on the
contribution fees.
V. The question concerning tax levied on income gained from the
auctioning of manuscripts
For the income gained by the author who openly sells the original
copies or replicas of his own written works (at competitive price),
individual income tax shall be levied on the income gained from royalties.
VI. The question concerning tax levied on income from the lease of his
property
(1) The tax and the key construction funds for the state's energy and
communications, the state budgetary regulatory funds and additional
education fees paid by the tax payer in the course of leasing property may
be deducted from the income gained from the lease of his property if he
holds the certificate showing that he has paid tax (and the required
funds).
(2) When calculating and levying tax on the income gained from the
lease of the property of the tax payer, apart from the prescribed expenses
and related tax and fees that can be deducted according to law, it is
permissible to deduct the actual betterment fees paid for that leased
property by the tax payer who can provides effective and accurate
certificates proving that the expenses are borne by him. The betterment
fees allowed to be deducted is limited to 800 yuan each time, the
betterment fees which cannot be fully deducted at one time are allowed to
be deducted the next time until they are completely deducted.
(3) A tax payer whose income from the lease of property is confirmed
shall have the property right certificate as the basis, when such property
right certificate is lacking, the tax payer shall be determined by the
competent tax authorities in light of the actual conditions.
(4) When the owner of the property right dies, during the period when
the procedures for inheritance to the property rights have not as yet been
performed, if there is income gained from the lease of that property, the
individual who receives the rent shall be the tax payer.
VII. The question concerning how to determine the original value of the
creditor property transferred.
For the transfer of creditor's rights, the weighted average method is
adopted to determine the original value of property and reasonable
expenses which shall be deducted. This means, the total of the buying
price paid by the tax payer for the purchase of the kind of bonds and the
tax paid in the purchasing course divided by the total of the amount of
that kind of bonds purchased by the tax payer and multiplied by the amount
of that kind of bonds sold by the tax payer and plus the tax paid in the
course of selling that kind of bonds. This is indicated by the following
formula:
The total of
the buying
price paid
by the tax
payer when
The buying purchasing that
price and kind of bonds
expenses and the tax paid The tax
allowed to in the course The amount paid in
be deducted of purchase of that kind the course
for the = ----------------- x of bonds sold + of buying
certain kind The total amount at one time that kind
of bonds of that kind of of bonds
sold at bonds purchased
one time by the tax payer
VIII. The question concerning tax levied on the director fees
For the income derived from the director fees gained by an individual
for assuming the post as a director is essentially income belonging to
labor service remuneration, individual income tax is levied in accordance
with the item of income from labor service remuneration.
IX. The question concerning tax levied on the income gained by an
individual from different items of labor service remunerations
The "same item" mentioned in Item 1, Clause 1 of Article 21 of the
Regulations refers to a certain single item among the listed concrete
labor service items related to income from labor service remuneration, for
an individual who concurrently has income from different labor service
remunerations, expenses should be subtracted separately and individual
income tax shall be calculated and paid.
X. The question concerning how to determine the place for tax payment by
a foreign tax payer who works in several places in China
(1) Foreign personnel who temporarily come to China to work at
several places or provide labor services shall take the date prescribed by
the Tax Law for declaration of tax payment as the standard and declares to
pay tax at a certain place where the date for declaration of tax payment.
But he is allowed to file an application, After the application is granted
approval, he may declare tax payment at a fixed place.
(2) For foreign tax payers to whom wages and salaries are issued by
foreign enterprises or working bodies in China, the foreign enterprises or
working bodies in China shall declare tax payment with local tax
authorities for all these foreign tax payers.
XI. The question concerning tax levied on bonuses issued
When a shareholding enterprise distributes dividends and bonuses, the
due dividends and bonuses (i. e., issuing bonuses) are paid in the form of
shares to individual share-holders, the face value of the shares issued as
bonuses shall be taken as the amount of income, and individual income tax
shall be calculated and levied in light of the items of interest,
dividends and bonuses.
XII. The question concerning calculation of the payable tax amount by
using the method of rapid calculation of deducted amount
In order to simplify the calculation of the payable amount of
individual income tax, the payable tax amount can be calculated by the
method of rapid calculation of the deducted amount related to the income
from wages and salaries, the income from production and management of
individual industrial and commercial units, the income earned by
enterprises or institutions from contracting and leasing business to which
the progressive rates levied on income in excess of specific amounts are
applicable, as well as income from labor service remuneration to which the
rate of addition collection is applicable. The formula for calculating the
payable tax amount is given as follows:
Payable tax amount = taxable income amount x applicable tax
rates-rapid calculation of deducted amount
The rapid calculation of deducted amount for calculating payable tax
amount for the taxable income to which the progressive rates are levied on
income in excess of specific amounts, for details see attached Tables 1, 2
and 3.
XIII. The question concerning tax levied on bonuses for several months
earned lump sum by the tax payer or on additional year-end salary and
labor dividends
With regard to the bonuses belonging to several months or additional
year-end salary and labor dividends gained lump sum by the tax payer,
generally individual income tax is calculated and levied on the whole
bonuses or additional year-end salary and labor dividends together with
the wage and salary of the current month. But when the applicable tax rate
is raised after calculation of the combined amount, individual income tax
may be calculated and levied at the applicable tax rate by using monthly
bonuses or additional year-end salary and labor dividends to add the
current month wage and salary and subtract the balance of the current
month expenses deducted according to standard, the balance is regarded as
the base number to determine the applicable tax rate, then the current
month wage and salary is used to add the whole bonuses or additional
year-end salary and labor dividends and to subtract the balance of the
current month expenses deducted according to standard. If there is no
amount of taxable income calculated according to the above-mentioned
method. tax is exempt.
XIV. The question concerning the method for calculating and levying tax
borne by a unit or individual who is the tax payer
For the individual income tax payment borne by a unit or an
individual who is the tax payer, the income not containing tax gained by
the tax payer shall be converted into a taxable income amount on which
individual income tax shall be calculated and levied. The calculation
formula is given as follows:
(1) Payable income amount =
(the income amount not containing tax -
expense deducting standard -
rapid calculation deducted amount) -
(1 - tax rate)
(2) Taxable amount =
taxable income amount x applicable tax rate -
the rapid calculation deducted amount
The tax rate in formula (1) refers to the tax rate corresponding to
the grade difference not containing tax (for detail see attached tax rate
Tables 1, 2, and 3) on the income not containing tax; the tax rate in
formula (2) refers to the tax rate corresponding to the grade difference
containing tax on the amount of taxable income.
XV. The Question concerning how to handle tax reimbursement and tax
repayment for the income earned in foreign currency by the tax payer
(1) When the income is earned in foreign currency by the tax payer
and after tax is paid with Renminbi converted from the foreign currency in
accordance with the listed price published by the People's Bank of China,
if tax reimbursement is needed to be made for the extra tax payment, for
taxable income gained before December 31, 1993, the tax payment in
Renminbi which should be refunded can be converted into foreign currency
in accordance with the listed foreign exchange price (buying price, the
same below), at the time when tax is paid, then the amount of foreign
currency is converted into Renminbi in accordance with the listed foreign
exchange price on the day the tax reimbursement certificate is issued to
return the tax in Renminbi; for the taxable income gained after January 1,
1994, the extra tax payment in Renminbi shall be refunded directly.
(2) For the tax payer who earned income in foreign exchange, when
there is the need to repay tax for the underpaid tax, besides a final
settlement should be made in accordance with the stipulations of the Tax
Law, it is necessary to convert the foreign currency into Renminbi in
accordance with the listed foreign exchange price on the last day of the
previous month when the tax repayment certificate is issued, calculate the
taxable income amount and repay tax.
XVI. The question concerning how to calculate and levy tax on the wage
and salary income gained respectively from inside and outside China.
For a tax payer who has wage and salary income gained simultaneously
from inside and outside China, it is necessary to follow the principle
stipulated in Article 5 of the Regulations to judge whether the income
gained from inside and outside China is income derived from one country.
When the tax payer can provide effective certificate proving that he holds
a post or is hired simultaneously inside and outside China as well the
wage and salary standard, his income can be determined as income derived
from both inside and outside China, the expenses shall be subtracted
separately in accordance with the stipulations of the Tax Law and
Regulations and tax payment should be calculated; for those who fail to
provide the above-mentioned certificate, the income shall be regarded as
income earned from one country, if the unit where he holds a post or is
hired is outside China, the income shall be regarded as income earned from
outside China.
XVII. The question concerning how to calculate and levy tax if the
contracting or leasing period is less than one year
For a tax payer who engages in the contracting and leasing business,
the income gained from the contracting and leasing business on a
tax-paying year basis shall be used to calculate tax payment, within one
tax-paying year, if the contracting or leasing operation is less than 12
months, the number of months for the actual contracting and leasing
operation is taken as a tax-paying year to calculate tax payment. The
calculation formula is as follows:
The taxable income amount = the income amount from that year's
contracting and leasing operation - (800 x the number of months of actual
contracting and leasing operation in that year)
Taxable amount = taxable income amount x applicable tax rate- rapid
calculation deducted amount
XVIII. The question concerning interest, dividend and bonus
withholding agent The levying method of source withholding is
instituted for interest, dividend and bonus incomes, the withholding
agent should be the unit which directly pay interest, dividend and bonus
to the tax payer.
XIX. The question concerning the difference between wage and salary
income and income from labor service remuneration
Wage and salary income belongs to non-independent individual labor
service activity, that is the remuneration gained from the post an
individual holds in or is hired by a government office, organization,
school, army unit, enterprise, institution as well as other organizations;
income from labor service is the remuneration gained from various
mechanical arts an individual is independently engaged in and from various
labor services he provides. The differences between the two lie in: the
former has the relationship between the hirer and the hired, the latter
does not have such relationship.
XX. If previous regulations conflict with these Regulations, these
Regulations shall be acted upon.

Tax Rate Table 1

不分页显示　　　总共2页　　1 [2]

　　下一页

中国注册会计师协会


会计师事务所执业质量检查制度改革方案

为了实现行业跨越式发展，深入推进行业创先争优“制度建设年”活动，贯彻落实建立新型行业管理和服务制度体系的要求，做好会计师事务所执业质量检查制度（以下简称执业质量检查制度）改革工作，夯实行业科学发展的基础，制定本方案。
一、执业质量检查制度改革的必要性和紧迫性
（一）执业质量检查制度改革是适应经济社会发展的必然要求。从国际会计师行业监管发展趋势看，为了应对经济全球化对我国注册会计师行业的挑战，必须将准则的国际趋同成果转换为注册会计师执业水平和执业质量的提升，根据准则的变化不断完善监管制度和创新监管手段，为在新的层面上实现与境外监管机构的相互协作与认同奠定基础。从国内经济社会发展看，围绕科学发展主题和加快转变经济发展方式主线实施“十二五”规划，注册会计师行业越来越成为关系市场经济秩序、影响资本市场发展和推动社会管理创新的重要方面，对注册会计师行业诚信执业的要求越来越高，必须在加快发展的同时，通过推进执业质量检查制度改革，加强行业监管，进一步提高行业整体执业质量和社会公信度，提升服务经济社会的水平和能力。
（二）执业质量检查制度改革是实现行业跨越式发展的有力保障。国际国内经验反复证明，行业发展必须建立健全行业质量保证体系。对会计师事务所（以下简称事务所）执业质量实施监督检查，是行业质量保证体系的重要一环，是法律赋予注册会计师协会的重要职能，是财政部党组对注册会计师协会工作的明确要求，是行业诚信建设的有力抓手，是行业发展质量的系统检验。2004年以来，中注协积极推进执业质量检查制度建设，对事务所实行周期性的全面检查。总体上，行业执业质量明显提高，执业质量检查制度体系发挥了重要作用。服务国家建设，实现行业跨越式发展，对执业质量检查提出了更新更高的要求。目前，事务所和注册会计师执业质量还参差不齐，执业质量检查工作也存在一些薄弱环节，迫切需要通过深化改革、健全机制、完善制度加以解决，使执业质量检查工作为行业跨越式发展保驾护航。
（三）执业质量检查制度改革是促进事务所提高综合实力的迫切需要。健全的质量控制体系、完善的内部治理、有效的制度体系和高素质的人才队伍是事务所综合实力的集中体现。近年来，在行业推进事务所做强做大战略中，通过合并重组产生了一批大规模事务所，内部治理和制度建设任务很重。正在积极推进的事务所组织形式向特殊普通合伙制转化，将带来事务所治理结构和管理模式的重大调整，需要重新设计、整合，避免系统风险；新业务领域拓展使事务所更加全面、深入地服务于经济社会发展，要求事务所进一步提高执业质量和服务水平；信息化战略启动，也必须建立在动态、完备、有效的执业质量信息系统基础上。可以说，行业执业质量检查工作面临着新形势和新任务，迫切需要通过改革，促进事务所健全内部治理和质量控制体系，提高综合实力。
二、执业质量检查制度改革的指导思想、总体要求和目标
（四）执业质量检查制度改革的指导思想是：以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入学习实践科学发展观，贯彻落实中注协“五代会”精神和行业创先争优“制度建设年”活动的要求，认真总结和遵循行业发展规律，充分借鉴国际有益实践，针对行业执业质量检查工作的薄弱环节，着力从制度和机制上改革、创新，进一步深化行业诚信建设，提升行业整体执业质量和服务经济社会发展的能力，切实维护公众利益，促进行业又好又快发展。
(五) 执业质量检查制度改革的总体要求是：(1)质量控制体系检查与业务项目检查并重；(2)技术程序检查与职业道德检查并重；(3)完善检查技术与建立检查质量保证机制并重；(4)检查制度改革与检查专家队伍建设并重；(5)落实审计责任与落实注协监管责任并重。
（六）执业质量检查制度改革的目标是：围绕建立健全行业质量保证体系，贯彻落实风险导向的检查理念，转换监管模式，强化事务所系统风险检查；提高监管效能，对事务所实施分类分级监管；加强专兼职检查队伍建设；强化事前事中监管，加强现场检查指导；充分利用信息化手段，提升检查工作效率和效果，完善检查信息披露制度，大力提升行业执业质量水平和社会公信力，巩固监管制度国际趋同成果。
三、强化事务所系统风险检查
（七）各国执业实践充分证明，事务所的系统风险不仅关系事务所的生死存亡，也关乎行业的兴旺发达，更影响经济信息质量和社会诚信建设。在巩固已有执业质量检查成果的基础上，持续跟进职业道德守则和审计准则国际趋同成果，进一步突出事务所系统风险检查。系统风险检查旨在将事务所工作重心引导到质量控制体系建设上来，切实实现执业质量检查对事务所帮助、教育、督促、提高的目的。
（八）系统风险检查的内容包括质量控制体系检查和业务项目检查。质量控制体系检查涉及事务所的职业道德规范，质量控制环境，合伙人机制，客户关系和具体业务的接受与保持，人力资源，业务规范，业务执行，监控，总分所管理和信息系统等要素。系统风险检查应当坚持质量控制体系检查与业务项目检查并重，以质量控制体系检查结果指导业务项目检查，以业务项目检查结果支持质量控制体系检查结论；严格系统风险检查程序，在检查方案的设计、检查人员的选拔和分派以及检查时间的安排等方面，重点保证事务所质量控制体系的检查，切实将系统风险检查落到实处。
四、积极探索实施事务所分类分级监管
（九）优化监管资源，提高监管效能。要在证券资格事务所和非证券资格事务所分类的基础上，根据事务所的规模、业务构成、业务数量、执业风险、社会影响力、分所数量和监管资源等因素，科学划分事务所类别，合理确定检查周期和监管主体；在保证周期性检查的基础上，开展必要的专项检查，充分利用有限的监管资源，建立高效的行业质量保证体系。在对事务所分类的基础上，根据事务所执业质量整体评价水平，对同一类别事务所合理分级，有效确定检查方式、频率、内容、重点、时间安排等，实行差别化监管，变“平均用力”为“集中用力”，既保持检查的周期性、系统性，又提高检查的针对性、有效性。
（十）各司其职，贯彻落实监管责任。中注协负责对证券资格事务所(包括分所)实施分类分级监管。对证券资格事务所，由于社会责任和影响重大，实行相对较短的检查周期，由中注协直接组织检查。考虑到H股企业审计的特殊性和重要性，中注协每年对获准从事H股企业审计业务的事务所实行抽查，重点检查新承接的H股企业审计业务。各地方注协负责对本行政区域内事务所实施分类分级监管。各地方注协要从本地实际出发，积极探索事务所分类分级监管办法，突出重点，严格规范，特别是在对小型事务所加强监管的同时，加大帮扶力度，以提高全行业的整体执业质量。
(十一) 根据事务所执业质量整体评价级次采取不同的监管模式。对执业质量整体评价级次较低的事务所，要加大对整改措施落实的跟踪和督导；对受到惩戒的事务所，提高检查频率，加大复查和帮扶力度。
五、进一步加强专兼职结合的检查队伍建设
（十二）切实加强检查队伍建设。检查队伍是行业执业质量检查的关键因素，建立一支高水平、稳定的检查队伍，是提高执业质量检查水平的必要条件和根本保障。在充分利用现有人力、物力和财力的基础上，按照“兼职化→兼职与专职相结合→专职化”的发展路径加强检查队伍建设，培养和建立一支业务精湛、职业道德良好、人员相对稳定的高水平专职检查队伍。现阶段的主要任务是，从检查人员条件、来源、素质提升，强化激励约束措施和增强稳定性等方面着手，打造一支专职与兼职相结合的优秀检查队伍。
（十三）多措并举，使检查人员聘得到、稳得住、干得好。各级协会可采取考试、考核及公开招聘的方式，建立专职检查队伍，并吸引优秀的注册会计师加入兼职检查队伍，分层次、有针对性地充实和稳定检查队伍。要加大对各地方注协专门从事执业质量检查的工作人员的充实和培养，增加从事务所聘用的专门从事质量控制工作的高水平检查人员，聘请熟悉事务所内部治理与经营管理、负责质量控制与风险管理的合伙人参与检查；对检查人员进行专项和系统的培训，提高检查人员的业务素质和检查能力。加大对检查人员工作质量的考核，通过公开表彰、物质奖励和重点培养等手段，提高检查人员的待遇。
六、全程发挥专家技术支持作用
（十四）建立和实施专家咨询制度。为进一步发挥行业专家的作用，提升行业监管的质量和水平，设立执业质量检查专家咨询组。专家咨询组主要由事务所负责技术或质量控制的合伙人和注册会计师协会负责监管工作的人员组成，在执业质量现场检查、检查结果论证、惩戒过程中提供技术指导和援助。在现场检查期间，对检查组遇到的重大疑难问题进行技术咨询，为检查组开展检查工作提供技术支持；检查结束后，参与检查结果论证工作，复核检查结论、检查工作底稿、检查报告和整改建议书等。
（十五）围绕加强年报审计监管，组建年报审计专家咨询组。继续抓住上市公司变更事务所这一关键环节，强化年报审计事前事中监管，通过事前约谈事务所、现场查阅审计工作底稿等方式提醒事务所严控风险，谨慎执业，确保质量。充分利用年报审计监管结果，确定执业质量检查名单和检查重点。
七、提高执业质量检查信息化管理水平
（十六）建立事务所执业质量检查公告制度。各级协会应向社会公告每年开展事务所执业质量检查的事务所数量、检查对象、检查内容、检查重点、检查处理结果等总体情况，提高行业检查的透明度、公信力和威慑力，打造行业监管品牌，树立行业监管权威，进一步赢得社会公众对行业检查工作和诚信建设的认可与信赖。
（十七）以中注协行业诚信信息监控体系为支撑，加强相关监管信息的搜集、存储、分析和运用，完善事务所执业信息报备制度，将“近3年执行业务”信息网上公布制度落到实处。开发执业质量检查软件，运用信息化手段提升执业质量检查的工作效率和效果；建立执业质量检查信息库，及时记录和存储被检查事务所基本情况、抽查的业务项目、处理处罚情况等信息，实现各级协会监管信息的共享。
八、执业质量检查制度改革的组织实施
（十八）高度重视，加强领导。中注协要全面把握执业质量检查制度改革的形势和任务，加强领导、落实责任，科学筹划、民主参与，周密部署、认真实施，确保改革的各项政策措施落到实处、抓出实效。各地方注协要高度重视改革工作，充分认识执业质量检查制度改革的重要意义和必要性，结合本地区行业发展实际，积极研究制定支持执业质量检查制度改革的具体措施和办法。各事务所要重视和支持执业质量检查制度改革，强化内部治理，注重质量控制体系建设，提高遵循职业道德守则和执业准则的意识，积极选派高水平的合伙人和注册会计师参加检查工作。
（十九）系统筹划，组织落实。中注协组建执业质量检查制度改革咨询指导组和工作组，由行业内专家和协会工作人员组成，具体承担执业质量检查制度改革相关文件的起草工作。在充分借鉴国际同行监管经验的基础上，全面修订检查制度、检查手册及其他配套制度。修订和完善检查制度要突出行业监管特色和改革重点；修订检查手册要强化事务所系统风险检查，突出行业检查注重提高事务所整体业务质量和防范系统风险的特点；根据检查制度的要求，制定和修订分类分级监管办法、惩戒办法等系列检查配套制度。
（二十）加大宣传，营造氛围。各级协会要加大对执业质量检查制度改革的意义和必要性、改革的方向与目标、行业诚信建设结果和优秀注册会计师及优秀检查人员的先进事迹等的宣传力度，加深全社会对注册会计师行业改革检查制度的认知度和认同感，营造理解、支持、尊重注册会计师行业的有利氛围，为执业质量检查制度改革凝聚共识、汇聚力量，创造更加良好的外部环境。